What is the term for heat energy that can be measured by a change in temperature?

Sensible heat refers to the heat energy that causes a change in temperature of a substance without changing its phase. This is the heat that can be sensed or measured directly using a thermometer, as it is associated with the increase or decrease in temperature of a substance when heat is added or removed. For instance, when you heat water on a stove, the water temperature rises as it absorbs sensible heat, which can be measured.

In contrast, latent heat involves heat energy that causes a substance to change from one state of matter to another, such as from solid to liquid or liquid to gas, without changing its temperature. Thermal heat is not a defined term in thermodynamics, and radiant heat typically refers to heat transferred through electromagnetic waves, which also does not correlate directly to temperature change in the same qualitative way as sensible heat does. Thus, the correct answer is sensible heat, as it specifically pertains to measurable changes in temperature.