What is the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in a circuit called?

The relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in a circuit is defined by Ohm's Law. According to this law, the current flowing through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points and inversely proportional to the resistance of the circuit. This relationship can be mathematically expressed as the equation ( V = I \times R ), where ( V ) represents voltage, ( I ) represents current, and ( R ) represents resistance.

Understanding this law is fundamental in electrical engineering and maintenance because it helps technicians troubleshoot electrical issues, design circuits, and ensure safety in electrical installations. For instance, if the resistance in a circuit is known, one can calculate how much current will flow for a given voltage, which is crucial for preventing overloads and ensuring that components operate within their specified limits.

The other options do highlight important principles in electrical science but pertain to different phenomena. Kirchhoff's Law relates to the conservation of charge and energy in electrical circuits, while Faraday's Law deals with electromagnetic induction. Newton's Law primarily addresses motion and forces in mechanical systems, not electrical relationships. Understanding Ohm's Law provides a foundation for working with electrical circuits effectively.