What is the primary function of a refrigerant in a cooling system?

The primary function of a refrigerant in a cooling system is to absorb heat. Refrigerants are specifically designed to undergo phase changes from liquid to gas and vice versa, which allows them to take in heat from the environment or the area being cooled. As the refrigerant evaporates, it absorbs heat, which cools down the surrounding air or fluid. This heat exchange process is essential for the effective operation of cooling systems, such as air conditioners and refrigerators.

In contrast, the other options do not pertain to the role of refrigerants. For instance, transferring electricity is related to conductors and electrical systems, providing nutrients pertains to biological systems and does not apply to mechanical systems, and storing energy is more aligned with batteries or thermal energy storage systems rather than the phase change characteristics of refrigerants.